GEOUNIVERSAL .:.

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HAM - ADVANCED LICENSE NOTES

1. Advanced Theory

   1. Time constant - capacitive and inductive
   2. Electrostatic and electromagnetic fields, skin effect
   3. Series-resonance
   4. Parallel resonance
   5. Quality factor (Q)

2. Advanced Components and Circuits

   1. Germanium, silicon, gallium arsenide, doping, P-type, N-type
   2. Diodes - point-contact, junction, hot-carrier, Zener, etc.
   3. Transistors - NPN/PNP
   4. Field effect transistor (FET), JFET, MOSFET
   5. Silicon controlled rectifier (SCR)
   6. Amplifiers - classes A, AB, B and C
   7. Amplifier circuits - discrete and IC
   8. Operational amplifiers, properties and applications
   9. Mixers, frequency multipliers
   10. Digital logic elements
   11. Quartz crystal - properties and applications
   12. Advanced filter circuits - AF, RF

3. Measurements

   1. AC - peak, peak-to-peak, average, root mean square (RMS)
   2. PEP, PEP relative to average power, PEP relative to voltage across load
   3. Dip meter, signal generator
   4. Crystal calibrator, marking generator, frequency counter
   5. Oscilloscope
   6. Meters, multimeter, power meter

4. Power Supplies

   1. Transformer and rectifier circuits, voltage doubler circuit, PIP
   2. Filter circuits, bleeder resistor function
   3. Linear and switching voltage regulator circuits
   4. Regulated power supplies

5. Transmitters, Modulation and Processing

   1. Oscillator circuits, phase locked loop (PLL)
   2. RF power amplifiers
   3. Transmitters, neutralisation
   4. AM, single sideband, linearity, two-tone test
   5. FM deviation, modulation index, deviation ratio, deviation meter
   6. FM transmitter, repeater circuits
   7. Signal processing - AF, IF, and RF
   8. Codes and protocols, Baudot, ASCII, parity, CRC, X.25, ISO layers
   9. Spread spectrum - frequency hopping, direct sequence

6. Receivers

   1. Single, double conversion superheterodyne architecture
   2. Oscillators, mixers, tuning
   3. RF, IF amplifiers, selectivity
   4. Detection, audio, automatic gain control
   5. Performance limitations - instability, image, spurious, etc.

7. Feedlines - Matching and Antenna Systems

   1. Antenna tuner/transmatch, impedance matching circuits
   2. Velocity factor, effect of line terminated in non-characteristic impedance
   3. Antenna feed arrangements - tee, gamma, stub
   4. Current and voltage distribution on antenna
   5. Polarization, helical beam, parabolic antennas
   6. Losses in real antenna systems, effective radiated power
   7. Ground and elevation effects, vertical radiation (take off) angle
   8. Radiation resistance, antenna efficiency, beamwidth
   9. Waveguide, microstripline